-
Details
-
Hits: 16
Introduction. The measurement of total prostate-specific antigen (PSA) concentration in blood serum is widely used to stratify the severity of prostate cancer, using test systems from different manufacturers. Purpose. To evaluate the possibility of using a test system for enzyme immunoassay of prostate specific antigen (PSA) in blood and for urin. Materials and methods. The validation was performed using the standard addition method. Seven urine samples of men (30.6 ± 5.3 old) were analyzed. A control sample with a known PSA concentration was added to each sample in a ratio of 1:9 (v/v). Statistical analysis was carried out using StatTech v.4.8.11. Results. A high correlation was found between the expected and measured PSA concentrations (? = 0.991; p < 0.001), indicating the absence of matrix effects when using urine as a test material. No hook effect was detected. The differences between expected and measured concentrations were statistically insignificant (p = 0.803). Conclusion. The PSA-ELISA-BEST (T-8458) test system is suitable for determining total PSA not only in blood serum but also in urine. The results formed the basis of Rationalization Proposal No. 2863 (28 February 2024).
-
Details
-
Hits: 17
Complex processing of raw materials is a rational way to use the resources of medicinal plants. It was of interest to evaluate the expediency of using meal obtained after juice extraction from the grass of the common cuff, freshly harvested as a plant substance with the potential of a prebiotic. The purpose of this study was to study and evaluate the potential of bacteriotropic activity of common grass cuff meal. The chemical composition of meal samples contains flavonoids, tannins, polysaccharides, free amino acids and minerals capable of stimulating the growth and development of microorganisms. The stimulating effect of meal on the culture of lactobacilli is shown by a significant decrease in glucose levels in all samples compared with the control. The culture of lactobacilli reacted to the introduction of an infusion of grass meal into the nutrient medium by increasing the accumulation of biomass. It was found that all samples of the meal infusion have the property of inhibition with a pronounced dose-dependent effect on changing the luminescence level of the E.coli lum+ strain in the bioluminescence inhibition test when exposed for 4 hours. In the course of the research, the bacteriotropic properties of meal from grass cuffs have been identified, which determine its prospects for the correction and prevention of dysbiotic conditions by improving the functional potential of the human microbiota or farm animals and poultry. Within the framework of rational use of resources, it seems advisable to use meal as a plant substance with the potential of a prebiotic.
-
Details
-
Hits: 163
Objective. This study aimed to investigate the effect of progestogens on key components of the transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) signaling pathway in the endometrial mucosa in cases of non-atypical endometrial hyperplasia, in order to determine the pathogenetic role of this pathway and to predict treatment outcomes. Materials and Methods. A comprehensive examination was conducted on 19 patients with non-atypical endometrial hyperplasia before and after 3 months of conservative treatment with progestogens. Endometrial samples were obtained by dilatation and curettage or Pipelle biopsy. Results. The study revealed that progestogens suppress the upregulated expression of TGF-β observed in endometrial hyperplasia and modulate the altered expression of other components of the TGF-β-dependent signaling pathway, particularly SMAD proteins ( From the name of the Drosophila MAD gene (mothers against decapentaplegic) and the Caenorhabditis elegans SMA gene (small worm phenotype), restoring them to levels typical of normal endometrium. Conclusion. These findings confirm that components of the TGF-β signaling pathway are altered in endometrial hyperplasia and are sensitive to modulation by progestogen therapy. This opens new perspectives for the treatment of this condition and for the prevention of malignant transformation of the endometrial lining leading to endometrial carcinoma.
-
Details
-
Hits: 182
Introduction. The incidence of colorectal cancer (CRC) has no downward trend and although it has stabilized in developed countries, it continues to increase in developing countries. The increase in the number of patients requires the development of new diagnostic methods. The aim of the study: to compare the results of a study of cellular atypia, namely, the activity of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), using a traditional biochemical method and electrochemical method using original biochips. Materials and methods. The activity of alkaline phosphatase was studied in biopsies of patients with CRC (n = 8), which included a fragment of the colon mucosa and tumor tissue by electrochemical and photometric methods. Results. The median of alkaline phosphatase activity detection by electrochemical method using biochips in unchanged colon mucosa was 141.38 (107.5; 183.73) nA and was 2.52 times higher than the similar values in tumor tissue, which were 56.13 (40.5; 67) (p = 0.0008). Similar data were obtained from a photometric study of ALP activity in the hydrolysis of p-nitrophenyl phosphate. A close correlation was established between the methods, Spearman's correlation coefficient was R = 0.899. Discussion and conclusions. Tumor transformation of colon mucosa epithelium is accompanied by a statistically significant decrease of alkaline phosphatase activity, regardless of the method used to register phosphatase activity. The uniformity and reliability of the decrease in ALP activity in colorectal cancer tumor tissue, detected using different methods, as well as the close correlation between the results obtained using the classical photometric study and the electrochemical method using nanotechnological biochips, indicate the possibility of using the latter for rapid, direct and inexpensive assessment of ALP activity in colorectal carcinoma biopsies.
-
Details
-
Hits: 274
Objective. The study aimed to evaluate the semen examination parameters and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels in subfertile men in different ages to put the diagnostically significant correlations. Materials and Methods. From June to December 2024 semen samples from 200 men (median age 38 years) with complaints of unsuccessful attempts to conceive, including assisted reproductive technology (ART). In private clinic of reproduction in Vladimir city the semen samples were underwent to innovative basic semen examination by ‘Spermogram’ kit (Russia) and qualitative ROS level assessment via the ‘OxySpermNBT-L&Q’ kit (Russia) (Oxy-Test). Statistical analysis was performed using by the built-in analysis toolkit of Excel® 2016 MSO (© Microsoft, 2016); a proprietary statistical package (Stat2015) developed by V. S. Sheludko (2001 – 2016); MedCalc® 15.8 Portable (© MedCalc Software, 1993 – 2014). Results. Basic semen examination revealed normozoospermia in 19 % of men, scenario of pathozoospermia (excluding cryptozoospermia and azoospermia) in 81 % men. A strong statistically significant (p < 0.0001) positive correlation was identified in ROS levels with age (r = 0.429), dyskinesia (r = 0.478), necrozoospermia (r = 0.536); negative correlation in ROS levels with normozoospermia (r = –0.364). А moderate statistically significant (p < 0.05) correlation was presented in ROS levels with oligoasthenoteratozoospermia (OAT), oligoasthenozoospermia (OA), leucocytospermia, and hematospermia. Oxidative stress (OS) (moderate/high ROS) was detected in 67 % of cases (n = 134); 19 % (n = 38) of them presented with normozoospermia; with prevalences in more than 35 age and the highest age variability (SD ±8.3 years) in the moderate ROS-group. Patients with high ROS were 12 years older on average than those with low ROS. Conclusion. ROS levels can pose as an integrative marker of semen damage, reflecting age-related degenerative changes of ejaculate. The inverse correlation with normozoospermia underscores ROS's role in detecting hidden subfertility undiagnosable by basic semen examination. For future prospect and clinical implication, it can propose the ROS assessment is mandatory approach to check-up the male population with age 35+, even they semen parameters is within the limits.
-
Details
-
Hits: 257
The conducted study revealed a critical shortage of qualified pharmaceutical personnel in drug manufacturing. Analysis of current enrollment and graduation rates in Pharmacy programs enabled the development of two workforce projection scenarios through 2030. Under the conservative scenario (assuming 20 % of graduates enter production), the number of professionals with higher pharmaceutical education is projected to decrease by 5% (680 individuals) compared to 2022 levels. The baseline scenario (35 % employment in production) predicts a 17 % increase (2,590 professionals), yet this growth remains insufficient to address both the current deficit of 3,000 specialists and the additional requirement of 4,500 personnel needed to achieve the Pharma-2030 Strategy targets. The study methodology contained several limitations: unaccounted migration patterns, evolving labor conditions, and insufficient statistical data on workforce attrition rates. To compensate for the latter, extrapolated medical sector data were employed with adjustments for the pharmaceutical workforce's age demographics. To address these challenges, we propose a comprehensive intervention package requiring coordinated implementation across educational institutions, pharmaceutical manufacturers, and regulatory bodies. This multi-stakeholder approach outlines a strategic roadmap to ensure adequate workforce supply and successful attainment of the Pharma-2030 objectives.
-
Details
-
Hits: 266
Objective. To study the microbiological profile of pathogens causing urinary tract infections (UTI) in children in Perm and to characterize the sensitivity of isolated urocultures to antibacterial drugs used in pediatric practice. Materials and methods. The material for the study were strains of uropathogenic microorganisms isolated from the urine of patients of the city children's nephrology department. Urocultures were isolated by the sector sowing method, the EUCAST disk diffusion method was used to assess antibiotic sensitivity. Statistical processing was performed in the Microsoft® Excel application. The results. The structure of isolated uropathogens was dominated by E. coli, Enterococcus faecalis, St. Epidermidis, Enterobacter aerogenes, Klebsiella pneumonia. When analyzing the sensitivity of the isolated strains to antibacterial drugs, it was found that most representatives of gram-negative microflora were sensitive to second- and third-generation cephalosporins, and the sensitivity of E. coli urocultures to amoxiclav remains. Conclusion. Studies have shown that in the structure of pathogens of UTI in children, there is an increase in the proportion of gram-positive microorganisms, which reflects global trends associated with the formation of antibiotic-resistant, hospital strains circulating in the child population against the background of changes in population immunity.
-
Details
-
Hits: 388
Relevance. During the regeneration of a skin wound there is a changing an inflammation phases and chemical content, as a result, a pH shift. Study of dependence the stage of the wound process from pH of the wound bed is increasable important for medication strategy by drags which changing pH and accelerate the healing of a skin wound.
Materials and methods. The experiment was performed by modeling a purulent wound in 36 animals – a Wistar rat. Further, on the 1st, 3rd, 5th, 8th, 10th and 15th days of the experiment, the pH of the wounds was determined and autopsy material was collected for subsequent histological examination. The obtained sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin, a descriptive assessment of the wound defect was performed, as well as the calculation of cellular components.
Results. The wound bed was filled with purulent necrotic masses on the 3rd day of the experiment, while the cellular composition was mainly represented by granulocytes and macrophages. At the same time, the pH measurement has been determined the value of 7.64 (7.48; 7.81), cellular index (CI) 0.4 (0.36; 0.43). From the 8th day of the experiment a morphometric study has been showed the spontaneous healing of a purulent wound with changing an exudative phase to proliferative one. That point has been confirmed the CI 1.3 (1.25; 1.41) witch pH acidification to 7.39 (7.20;7.76).
Conclusion. According to the study, when the pH value decreases, it leads to an increase in the number of fibroblastic cells and has a beneficial effect on the course of the wound process.
-
Details
-
Hits: 257
This study presents the results of evaluation of the intensity and prevalence rate of dental hard tissue diseases, periodontal pathology, parotid glands secretory activity in patients with systemic autoimmune rheumatic diseases such as Sjogren’s disease (SD) and Sjogren’s syndrome (SS).
The aim is the evaluation of intensity and prevalence rate of dental hard tissue diseases and inflammatory periodontal diseases according to the parotid glands secretory activity in patients with SD and SS.
Materials and methods. A comprehensive clinical and dental examination of 85 patients with SD, 139 with SS was performed (rheumatoid arthritis (RA) + SS – 49; systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) + SS – 52; systemic scleroderma (SSD) + SS – 38). Patients underwent in comprehensive dental examination, which included the complaints collection, medical history, assessment of conditions of dental hard and periodontal tissues. The functional ability of the parotid glands was evaluated by M. V. Simonova’s method.
Results. As a result of the clinical examination, the highest caries rates, ranging from 3 to several tooth surfaces (K.02) was revealed, which typically for patients with SD and SS, cervical caries was suffered to a greater extent by patients with SD (85.0 %). With SD, they were most often observed: increased abrasion of mixed-type tooth enamel, enamel chips and wedge-shaped defects in 20.0 %, 18.8 % and 7.1 % of cases. In patients with SSH (RA + SSH, SLE + SSH, SSD + SSH), increased abrasion of mixed-type tooth enamel was detected in 18.4 %, 16.0 %, 10.8 %, enamel chips – 6.1 %, 14.0 %, 5.4 %, the presence of wedge–shaped defects – 4.0 %, 4.1 %, 0 %, respectively. A low level of hygiene was noted in all the examined groups, but a high percentage was observed in 37 (97.4 %) patients with SSD + CS and 61 (71.8 %) and in patients with BS. The main form of periodontal pathology is chronic periodontitis of moderate severity, the index (PI) for SD is 1.3 [1.2; 1.5], SH is 1.3 [0.9; 2.0]. When comparing the results of the functional state of the parotid glands by sialometry, a significant quantitative difference was noted between the groups with SD 1.3 [0.5; 2.1] ml and SS + immuno-inflammatory rheumatic diseases (IIRD) 2.0 [0.9; 3.5] ml, SS + SLE 2.4 [1.7; 4.0] ml.
Conclusion. As a result of a comprehensive oral examination in patients with SD and SS + IIRD, a high prevalence and intensity of caries and non-caries, affected dental hard tissues, and inflammatory periodontal diseases were revealed.
The level of dental care for patients with SD and SS + IIRD remains limited.
Comparing groups of patients with SD and SS + IIRD, we revealed significant differences in the secretory activity of parotid glands, the presence of rapidly progressive multiple, cervical and circular caries, as well as defects of enamel including chipped tooth enamel and dental erosions in patients with SD in contrast to patients with SS + IIRD.
-
Details
-
Hits: 388
Introduction: Numerous studies have proven that Chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP/CPPS) is a common disease condition that has been the focus of attention in the global medical community due to its prevalence and the unsatisfactory treatment outcomes.
The purpose of this study is to compare the microbiota of prostate secretions (PSM) between patients with chronic bacterial prostatitis (CBP) and chronic abacterial prostatitis (CAP) of category IIIa.
Material and methods: A prospective comparative study was conducted at the SM Clinic Medical Center in Moscow from 2018 to 2023. 159 male patients with prostatitis-like symptoms aged 25 to 50 were selected. Patients were divided into two groups: group 1 included patients with CBP (n = 38) and group 2 included patients with category IIIa CAP with clinical manifestations of chronic prostatitis (n = 121). The study of PSM microbiota was performed using the method of nucleic acid amplification (MANC) with real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR), using the Androflor test (MANC-PCR-RT/Androflor), and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry using the method of microbial mass spectrometry (MSMM).
Results: A comparative analysis of the absolute indices of PSM microbiota based on MSMM data revealed that patients with CBP had a higher level of coccal and bacillary microbiota, as well as enterobacteria (of transient flora), along with the low level of anaerobic and resident microorganisms compared to a great number of patients with CAP stage IIIa (p < 0.05).
A comparative analysis of relative indices of PSM microbiota based on MSMM data showed that patients with CBP had higher levels of coccal microbiota and gram (–) bacillus (of transient flora and normally not found in healthy individuals), as well as significantly lower levels (p < 0.05) of anaerobic and resident microorganism compared to patients in the CAP category IIIa group.
Conclusion: The study found that patients with CAP had a higher microbial load of anaerobic and resident microorganisms. The patients with CBP had an increase in the levels of the most pathogenic forms of microorganisms, including transient and enterobacterial species.
