VOL 5, No. 4 (2025)

The development of digital microscopy and computer data analysis has contributed to the introduction into clinical practice of methods for evaluating laboratory samples with automated image analysis. A comparative analysis of the time required to evaluate 100 samples of various types of laboratory tests by manual and automated methods using Vision® analysis systems has been carried out. The results obtained indicate that automated approaches in microscopic studies using Vision® analysis systems reduce the time for laboratory tests by up to 4 times compared with traditional manual methods. Vision® systems also improve the accuracy of the analysis by automatically collecting and pre-classifying cells, which eliminates the influence of human factors during the evaluation of the sample. Thus, the use of automatic Vision® systems makes it possible to increase the efficiency of laboratory work.

An algorithm for remote pharmaceutical consulting has been developed, enabling automated selection of medications by international nonproprietary names when a prescription is available, with capability for integration into regional monitoring systems. For over-the-counter cases, the algorithm generates personalized recommendations based on comprehensive analysis of symptoms and identification of ‘red flags’ associated with main manifestations of gastroesophageal reflux disease - heartburn and regurgitation. The practical implementation has been carried out through a specialized Telegram bot named ‘СтопИзжоге’, which conducts structured collection of medical history and provides recommendations in strict accordance with current clinical guidelines. The developed solution fully complies with the requirements of the Russian Ministry of Health Order No. 647n. The relevance of this development is driven by the progressively increasing prevalence of heartburn and regurgitation, along with the high frequency of uncontrolled self-medication cases in the population.

In the context of modernization of higher medical education, the personal and socio-communicative competencies of university teachers acquire special importance, as they determine the effectiveness of pedagogical interaction and the quality of professional training. The purpose of this study is to determine the role of higher education teachers’ soft skills as a resource for improving the quality of personnel training in a medical university. The empirical research was conducted at Kursk State Medical University and included 437 teachers from clinical and non-clinical departments. The results of the study showed that a high level of soft skills development correlates with increased psychosomatic well-being of teachers and is accompanied by a decrease in the intensity of professional stress and emotional exhaustion that may lead to burnout, which has a positive impact on the quality of training of medical and pharmaceutical professionals. It is concluded that teachers’ soft skills are a systemic factor in ensuring the quality of the educational process and act as a regulator between their psycho-emotional state and the effectiveness of students’ training in medical universities.

Introduction. The measurement of total prostate-specific antigen (PSA) concentration in blood serum is widely used to stratify the severity of prostate cancer, using test systems from different manufacturers. Purpose. To evaluate the possibility of using a test system for enzyme immunoassay of prostate specific antigen (PSA) in blood and for urin. Materials and methods. The validation was performed using the standard addition method. Seven urine samples of men (30.6 ± 5.3 old) were analyzed. A control sample with a known PSA concentration was added to each sample in a ratio of 1:9 (v/v). Statistical analysis was carried out using StatTech v.4.8.11. Results. A high correlation was found between the expected and measured PSA concentrations (? = 0.991; p < 0.001), indicating the absence of matrix effects when using urine as a test material. No hook effect was detected. The differences between expected and measured concentrations were statistically insignificant (p = 0.803). Conclusion. The PSA-ELISA-BEST (T-8458) test system is suitable for determining total PSA not only in blood serum but also in urine. The results formed the basis of Rationalization Proposal No. 2863 (28 February 2024).

Complex processing of raw materials is a rational way to use the resources of medicinal plants. It was of interest to evaluate the expediency of using meal obtained after juice extraction from the grass of the common cuff, freshly harvested as a plant substance with the potential of a prebiotic. The purpose of this study was to study and evaluate the potential of bacteriotropic activity of common grass cuff meal. The chemical composition of meal samples contains flavonoids, tannins, polysaccharides, free amino acids and minerals capable of stimulating the growth and development of microorganisms. The stimulating effect of meal on the culture of lactobacilli is shown by a significant decrease in glucose levels in all samples compared with the control. The culture of lactobacilli reacted to the introduction of an infusion of grass meal into the nutrient medium by increasing the accumulation of biomass. It was found that all samples of the meal infusion have the property of inhibition with a pronounced dose-dependent effect on changing the luminescence level of the E.coli lum+ strain in the bioluminescence inhibition test when exposed for 4 hours. In the course of the research, the bacteriotropic properties of meal from grass cuffs have been identified, which determine its prospects for the correction and prevention of dysbiotic conditions by improving the functional potential of the human microbiota or farm animals and poultry. Within the framework of rational use of resources, it seems advisable to use meal as a plant substance with the potential of a prebiotic.

Introduction. Ciliated hepatic foregut cyst (CHFC) is a rare variant of dysontogenetic cysts originating from the foregut. Aim. The aim of this study was to characterize the immunohistochemical (IHC) profile of CHFC. Materials and Methods. An IHC analysis of 8 CHFC cases was performed using antibodies against PanCK, CK7, CK20, EMA, CD34, CD10, Actin (HHF35), and AFP. Results. The epithelial lining showed diffuse positive staining for PanCK (AE1/AE3), CK7, and EMA, and negative staining for CK20, CD10, and AFP. Staining with HHF35 antibodies confirmed the presence of a smooth muscle layer in the cyst wall. Conclusion. CHFC is characterized by a CK7+/CK20– immunophenotype, indicating its foregut origin. This profile is crucial for differential diagnosis with other cystic liver lesions, such as biliary cystadenomas and ductal plate malformation-associated cysts. Our results confirm the necessity of using immunohistochemistry for the verification of liver cysts.