VOL 5, No. 2 (2025)

The effective implementation of the Pharma 2030 strategy requires the training of highly qualified personnel to meet the current and future needs of pharmaceutical manufacturers. Currently, additional qualification requirements for specialists with higher pharmaceutical education have not been defined. Current professional standards have not been developed for all stages of drug development, production and promotion. Professional competencies written in the draft of the approximate basic educational program is mainly relevant for specialists in wholesalers and retail pharmaceutical sales. This paper provides a detailed analysis of the current situation. Based on the results of the study, specific ways are proposed to achieve the result of educational activities in the field of industrial pharmacy.

Introduction. The incidence of colorectal cancer (CRC) has no downward trend and although it has stabilized in developed countries, it continues to increase in developing countries. The increase in the number of patients requires the development of new diagnostic methods. The aim of the study: to compare the results of a study of cellular atypia, namely, the activity of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), using a traditional biochemical method and electrochemical method using original biochips. Materials and methods. The activity of alkaline phosphatase was studied in biopsies of patients with CRC (n = 8), which included a fragment of the colon mucosa and tumor tissue by electrochemical and photometric methods. Results. The median of alkaline phosphatase activity detection by electrochemical method using biochips in unchanged colon mucosa was 141.38 (107.5; 183.73) nA and was 2.52 times higher than the similar values in tumor tissue, which were 56.13 (40.5; 67) (p = 0.0008). Similar data were obtained from a photometric study of ALP activity in the hydrolysis of p-nitrophenyl phosphate. A close correlation was established between the methods, Spearman's correlation coefficient was R = 0.899. Discussion and conclusions. Tumor transformation of colon mucosa epithelium is accompanied by a statistically significant decrease of alkaline phosphatase activity, regardless of the method used to register phosphatase activity. The uniformity and reliability of the decrease in ALP activity in colorectal cancer tumor tissue, detected using different methods, as well as the close correlation between the results obtained using the classical photometric study and the electrochemical method using nanotechnological biochips, indicate the possibility of using the latter for rapid, direct and inexpensive assessment of ALP activity in colorectal carcinoma biopsies.

Objective. The study aimed to evaluate the semen examination parameters and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels in subfertile men in different ages to put the diagnostically significant correlations. Materials and Methods. From June to December 2024 semen samples from 200 men (median age 38 years) with complaints of unsuccessful attempts to conceive, including assisted reproductive technology (ART). In private clinic of reproduction in Vladimir city the semen samples were underwent to innovative basic semen examination by ‘Spermogram’ kit (Russia) and qualitative ROS level assessment via the ‘OxySpermNBT-L&Q’ kit (Russia) (Oxy-Test). Statistical analysis was performed using by the built-in analysis toolkit of Excel® 2016 MSO (© Microsoft, 2016); a proprietary statistical package (Stat2015) developed by V. S. Sheludko (2001 – 2016); MedCalc® 15.8 Portable (© MedCalc Software, 1993 – 2014). Results. Basic semen examination revealed normozoospermia in 19 % of men, scenario of pathozoospermia (excluding cryptozoospermia and azoospermia) in 81 % men. A strong statistically significant (p < 0.0001) positive correlation was identified in ROS levels with age (r = 0.429), dyskinesia (r = 0.478), necrozoospermia (r = 0.536); negative correlation in ROS levels with normozoospermia (r = –0.364). А moderate statistically significant (p < 0.05) correlation was presented in ROS levels with oligoasthenoteratozoospermia (OAT), oligoasthenozoospermia (OA), leucocytospermia, and hematospermia. Oxidative stress (OS) (moderate/high ROS) was detected in 67 % of cases (n = 134); 19 % (n = 38) of them presented with normozoospermia; with prevalences in more than 35 age and the highest age variability (SD ±8.3 years) in the moderate ROS-group. Patients with high ROS were 12 years older on average than those with low ROS. Conclusion. ROS levels can pose as an integrative marker of semen damage, reflecting age-related degenerative changes of ejaculate. The inverse correlation with normozoospermia underscores ROS's role in detecting hidden subfertility undiagnosable by basic semen examination. For future prospect and clinical implication, it can propose the ROS assessment is mandatory approach to check-up the male population with age 35+, even they semen parameters is within the limits.

The conducted study revealed a critical shortage of qualified pharmaceutical personnel in drug manufacturing. Analysis of current enrollment and graduation rates in Pharmacy programs enabled the development of two workforce projection scenarios through 2030. Under the conservative scenario (assuming 20 % of graduates enter production), the number of professionals with higher pharmaceutical education is projected to decrease by 5% (680 individuals) compared to 2022 levels. The baseline scenario (35 % employment in production) predicts a 17 % increase (2,590 professionals), yet this growth remains insufficient to address both the current deficit of 3,000 specialists and the additional requirement of 4,500 personnel needed to achieve the Pharma-2030 Strategy targets. The study methodology contained several limitations: unaccounted migration patterns, evolving labor conditions, and insufficient statistical data on workforce attrition rates. To compensate for the latter, extrapolated medical sector data were employed with adjustments for the pharmaceutical workforce's age demographics. To address these challenges, we propose a comprehensive intervention package requiring coordinated implementation across educational institutions, pharmaceutical manufacturers, and regulatory bodies. This multi-stakeholder approach outlines a strategic roadmap to ensure adequate workforce supply and successful attainment of the Pharma-2030 objectives.

Objective. To study the microbiological profile of pathogens causing urinary tract infections (UTI) in children in Perm and to characterize the sensitivity of isolated urocultures to antibacterial drugs used in pediatric practice. Materials and methods. The material for the study were strains of uropathogenic microorganisms isolated from the urine of patients of the city children's nephrology department. Urocultures were isolated by the sector sowing method, the EUCAST disk diffusion method was used to assess antibiotic sensitivity. Statistical processing was performed in the Microsoft® Excel application. The results. The structure of isolated uropathogens was dominated by E. coli, Enterococcus faecalis, St. Epidermidis, Enterobacter aerogenes, Klebsiella pneumonia. When analyzing the sensitivity of the isolated strains to antibacterial drugs, it was found that most representatives of gram-negative microflora were sensitive to second- and third-generation cephalosporins, and the sensitivity of E. coli urocultures to amoxiclav remains. Conclusion. Studies have shown that in the structure of pathogens of UTI in children, there is an increase in the proportion of gram-positive microorganisms, which reflects global trends associated with the formation of antibiotic-resistant, hospital strains circulating in the child population against the background of changes in population immunity.

We present a clinical observation of a very rare benign neoplasm of the urethra in a 52-year-old female patient. The verified leiomyoma originated from the smooth muscle fibers of the distal urethra, had a typical structure, but, taking into account the localization and literature data, it was a rare finding. The onset and development of increasing obstructive urinary disorders forced the woman to seek help, and a multidisciplinary team, including a gynecologist, urologist and pathologist with experience in diagnosing such processes and managing patients with this profile, performed clinical and morphological verification of urethral leiomyoma, as well as effective surgical treatment with tumor removal.

Ductal breast carcinoma with neuroendocrine differentiation is a rare phenotype of invasive breast tumors. Most neuroendocrine breast tumors exhibit a luminal phenotype, positive expression of the hormone receptors estrogen and progesterone, and almost always HER-2-negative status. The article presents a rare case report demonstrating the possibilities of a complex morphological study in verifying invasive ductal carcinoma with neuroendocrine differentiation and HER-2 overexpression in a 56-year-old woman.

Purpose: to summarize the data of recent studies, system reviews and meta-analyses on the problem of cellular aging in the human body. Result. The review of modern literature sources on the processes of cellular aging in the human body at the molecular, cellular and systemic levels is presented. It covers the key signs of aging, their classification, the history of scientific views, key discoveries and an analysis of the mechanisms of cellular aging. Conclusions. Cellular aging processes play an important role in the development of various human pathologies. However, the results of studies evaluating the effect of senescence on human health are currently few and contradictory, which does not allow them to be used in clinical practice. This fact requires further search for biomarkers of aging, correlations with diseases, and the expansion of therapeutic effects. Conclusion. A deep understanding of the mechanisms of cellular aging will make it possible to develop effective methods to combat aging and related diseases.