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The article presents an analysis of dissertation councils accepting dissertations in the specialty 1.5.22 – cell biology and the publication activity of journals included in the List of peer-reviewed scientific publications in which scientific results of dissertations for the degree of candidate of Sciences, for the degree of Doctor of Sciences (as of 07/08/2024) should be published. The distribution of dissertation councils by federal districts of the Russian Federation and branches of science is shown. For periodicals, their attractiveness in publishing the results of scientific research is considered. The article presents the characteristics of journals from the point of view of choosing a publication for the placement of dissertation research materials, and also considers the attractiveness of periodicals for publishing the works of the teaching staff of scientific and educational institutions from the point of view of fulfilling an effective contract.
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The international exhibition “Healthcare – 2023” was held as part of “Russian Healthcare Week”. Modern medical equipment was presented: X-ray machines, digital tomographs, ultrasound diagnostic devices, endoscopes, cardiographs, remote temperature monitoring, medical instruments and so on. Exhibition’s scientific programs was devoted to problems in medicine and key role of young scientists nowadays.
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Chronic endometritis (CE) is a persistent inflammation of the endometrium, which can lead to infertility and other reproductive disorders. The diagnosis of CE is based on various histological criteria, the main of which is the presence of stromal plasma cells, however, standardized methods for their assessment have yet to be investigated.
In this review, we will discuss modern approaches to the verification of endometrial stromal plasma cells, as well as methods of its objectification using various immunohistochemical markers and methods based on artificial intelligence.
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Lung cancer (LC) occupies a leading place in the structure of morbidity and mortality among patients with cancer worldwide, which determines LC as an important medical and social problem for health systems.
LC is detected in more than two thirds of patients at a late stage, which determines the low success of therapy and low survival rates, and also actualizes the need to use effective methods (including morphological) for the diagnosis of LC in the early stages.
Due to the development of the minimally invasive vector of morphological diagnostics in recent decades, cytological examination of the material from the bronchopulmonary system is of leading importance, since it is characterized not only by low traumatism in obtaining cellular material, but also by high information content, cost-effectiveness, accessibility and speed of obtaining results. The effectiveness of cytological examination for the diagnosis of precancerous lesions and LC has been proven in numerous studies, and the importance and necessity of its use are reflected in the new edition of the WHO classification of tumors of thoracic localization (2021) and the WHO reporting system for lungs Cytopathology (2022).
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Novel insight about coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) have been discussed. Recently, CoNS were considered commensal symbionts of the skin and mucous membranes of humans and animals without clinical significance. Currently, CoNS are among the leading etiological agents of purulent-septic infections (PSI), including those that belong
to healthcare-associated infections (HAI).
The morphological and physiological characteristics of CoNS involved in the formation pathogenic potential are considered. The frequent presence of SCCmec chromosome cassettes in the CoNS genome determines the high level of their methicillin resistance which exceeds that of S.aureus.
In the conditions of high antibiotic pressure in the nosocomial environment, CoNS becomes a reservoir of resistance genes. The presence of unidentified types of use of SCCmec and the possibility of spreading mobile phenomena between CoNS and S.aureus causes clinical and epidemiological danger, the frequency of antibiotic use in HAI and an increased risk of pathogen circulation in the hospital environment.
The most frequent forms of HAI caused by individual representatives of the CoNS are presented. Vulnerable contingents for these infections are premature newborns and persons of any age with compromised immunity. The necessity of epidemiological control improving in the CoNS including local microbiological monitoring using modern molecular biological methods is justified.
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Human papillomavirus (HPV) infections and related diseases are a major problem worldwide. The immune response to human papillomavirus infection in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) deserves special attention. HPV serves as an etiological agent and biological carcinogen for lesions and cancers associated with HPV. Currently, many possible mechanisms of escape of viruses from factors of innate and adaptive immunity are known. Despite the large amount of accumulated knowledge about the course of HIV and papillomavirus infections, early diagnosis and timely treatment of co-infected patients are difficult, which adversely affects their life prognosis. There is still a need to expand early methods for diagnosing papillomavirus infection in HIV-infected individuals and finding effective treatments.
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A literature review describing the morphological features of normal neutrophils and their changes in various diseases is presented. Parameters of neutrophil granulocyte nuclei are described, changes in nuclei are characterized in congenital and acquired pathology. The characteristics of the cytoplasm of normal neutrophils and its changes in pathological conditions are also given. Various types of cytoplasmic inclusions present in normal cells and formed in both hereditary and acquired diseases are described in detail. The problems of clinical and diagnostic significance of changes in the morphology of neutrophils are discussed.
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At present, the importance of the pharmaceutical sector of the economy has increased significantly in public perception. This review provides up-to-date information at the beginning of 2022 on the main trends in the global pharmaceutical market. Among the current trends are: the key role of pharmaceuticals in the fight against the SARS-Covid-19 pandemic, the problems of a latent pandemic of drug-resistant infections, the high cost of new drugs and an increase in the market share of cheap biosimilars, the expansion of cooperation between developers of new drugs and vaccines, features in changes in the structure pharmaceutical companies, expanding opportunities in the retail pharmaceutical market, analysts? opinions on market prospects for the next 5 years. Materials from open sources were used: industry and business media, websites of pharmaceutical companies and non-profit organizations, WHO publications and scientific publications.
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The use of various infusion solutions in anesthesiology and intensive care involves certain risks due to the complexity of the supervised cases and the uniqueness of the interventions. Nevertheless, today reliable principles and approaches have been developed at the state level to minimize the threats associated with the quality of infusion solutions. These include the requirements for mandatory registration of all new combined solutions, including those made from already known components, as well as the rules for the production of sterile infusions according to the standard of good manufacturing practice (GMP – good manufacturing practice). Mandatory compliance with these requirements is a guarantee of the safety of infusion therapy from the standpoint of the quality of the infusion solution that is injected into the patient?s body.
On the example of cardioplegic solutions, the safety problems and contradictions in the existing system of providing high-tech field of medicine – cardiac surgery are shown.
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The new paradigm have been arise concerning to samples, markers and methods for assessment of male infertility. Nowadays, a sample “semen” and “sperm sediment” take a key role in examination and management of the subfertile couple. The advantages of sample “semen” such as non-invasive painless procedure as well as the wider range of diagnostic
findings by number of methods (cytology, molecular and cultural) highlight the increasly importance of this diagnostic approach in comparison with conventional ones – prostate secretion and urethral scraping which obtained by invasive
procedures – by massage and damaging a mucus membrane, respectively.
According to the Russian register this review also presents the current situation with the work list of kits and devices for assessment of male infertility and inflammatory of male accessory glands.
